The Energy Company Obligation (ECO)

ECO is the mechanism behind most free home upgrades — suppliers pay, you benefit. This guide explains how it works and what replaces it.

Last reviewed: August 2026

How ECO works

Ofgem administers ECO; large suppliers must fund eligible measures, delivered by approved installers. ECO4 is the current phase (Apr 2022–Dec 2026).

Who delivers it

Approved installers working on behalf of suppliers, under TrustMark and PAS 2035. You apply via your supplier or an installer.

What replaces it

From 2027 the supplier-obligation model is replaced by the Warm Homes Plan delivery model plus a consumer-loan scheme.

FAQs

Who pays for ECO measures?
Large energy suppliers, by legal obligation — not you.
What comes after ECO4?
The Warm Homes Plan delivery model from 2027; no 'ECO5'.